BAA1030 - Data Analytics and Story Telling

.title[
# BAA1030 - Data Analytics and Story Telling
]
.subtitle[
## Lecture 5: Introduction to Tableau
]
.author[
### Damien Dupré - Dublin City University
]

---

# Previoulsy ...

We have seen how to use Power BI for basic Reports and Dashboards

Now is the time to learn a much **more powerful** and much **more complicated** tool...

...Welcome to **Tableau**!

---

# Tableau Objective

### To obtain the highest mark to the first Assignment

How to do it?

- Use Tableau Public and NOT TABLEAU DESKTOP
- Submit a Tableau Dashboard and NOT TABLEAU STORY
- Work on each of the 4 assessment criteria
  - **Creativity** (25%): Menus and user interactions
  - **Analytical Depth** (25%): Meaningful figures
  - **Beauty/Design** (25%): Beautiful dashboard and visualisations
  - **Overall Story** (25%): Complete and insightful storytelling
- Get inspired by existing dashboards on [Tableau Public](https://public.tableau.com/app/search/vizzes/UNICEF)

---

# Tableau Dashboard Showcase

Introducing Federica Pinza's Visualisation, DCU winner of the 2024 European Data Visualisation Challenge organised by EDHEC.

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# Tableau Dashboard Showcase

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# Tableau Dashboard Showcase

### Nice interactions and design

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# Tableau Dashboard Showcase

### Meaningful visualisations

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# Tableau Dashboard Showcase

### Insightful storytelling

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# Example not to follow!

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# 1. Around Tableau

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# What is Tableau?

Tableau Software is an interactive data visualization software company focused on business intelligence:

- Created in 2003
- Acquired by Salesforce 2019

Tableau is a set of different product which aims to create interactive data visualisation dashboard.

Among these product, you will find:

- **Tableau Prep** (dedicated to cleaning data - no use here)
- **Tableau Desktop** (the main software - not free but can be access with a student license)
- **Tableau Public** (exact same a Tableau Desktop but free and the only way to save your work is by publishing dashboard online)
- **Tableau Server & Tableau Online** (alternative to Tableau Desktop without local installation)

---

# How to Use Tableau Public

1. Go to https://public.tableau.com
2. Sign in
3. Enjoy full features of Tableau Desktop (except saving file, only public publication online)

<img src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/56fd706140261df95349d4bd/1491286584380-1EJ0MIIAE8Q2OO2UK04M/image-asset.jpeg?format=1500w" width="50%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
.center.tiny[Source: How I Came to Choose One out of Sixty Two Data Visualizations [🔗](https://www.doingdata.org/)]

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# How to Use Tableau Public

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# How to Use Tableau Public

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# How to Use Tableau Public

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# How to Use Tableau Public

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# How to Use Tableau Public

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# 2. Tableau Overview

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# Tableau in a Nutshell

Tableau is very similar to Power BI but it actually simpler in its structure (but the visualisation capabilities are more complex):

There are 4 types of areas:

- **Data Source** is where you check the type of variables and where you can do basic transformations
- **Worksheet** is where you build each individual visualisation (1 worksheet per visualisation)
- **Dashboard** is where you combine all the visualisations in 1 interactive page
- **Story** is where you create interactive presentation with multiple slides (no use here)

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# Tableau Data Source

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# Tableau Data Source

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# Tableau Worksheet

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# Tableau Dashboard

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# Tableau Story

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# Principles

Tableau is only about:
- Dragging & dropping from variable list to plot (no-code software) 
- Selecting the right data summary
- Creating independent figures and organising them on a page

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# 3. Connect Data in Tableau

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# Files or Connectors?

Without being too complicated, there is two major ways to connect data in Tableau:
- From a File which won't be modified
- From a database through a connector (i.e., interface) to obtained data stored on a remote server (e.g., [Covid Dashboards](https://public.tableau.com/en-us/s/covid-19-viz-gallery))

**Files** can be of format .csv, .xls, .xlsx, .json, ...

**Databases** cloud hosted on google drive or with OData protocol (url access to the data)

.pull-left[
<span><i class="fas  fa-arrow-circle-right faa-horizontal animated faa-slow " style=" color:blue;"></i></span> More details about Tableau data connection possibilities with the following contents among others found online:

- [Connecting to Data Sources by Tableau](https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/data.htm)
- [Tableau Data Connections to Databases and Multiple Sources9](https://www.guru99.com/tableau-data-connections.html)
- [Types of Tableau Data Sources with Connection Establishment Process](https://data-flair.training/blogs/tableau-data-sources/)
]

.pull-right[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/bobross_connection.jpg" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

.center[[Click here for more Bob Ross Tableau](https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/vizpainter/viz/TheJoyofVizPainting/TheJoyofVizPainting)]
]

---

# Connect to Multiple Data

It is possible to add more than one file but it can be done with or without joining the data.

- If you join the two or more data source, you will be able to use variables from different files in the same visualisation. However, a relationship between the data has to be established.
- If you don't join the data, the variables from each data will have to be used separately in different visualisations.

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# Joining Multiple Data

.pull-left[
Connect your first data file/database
In the Data Source window, beside Connections, click on the plus sign to "Connect to Data"
]

.pull-right[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/tableau_connect_join_1.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/tableau_connect_join_2.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

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# Joining Multiple Data

Set the variables to join and if the link between the data files is correct then the link will be green

---

# Add Different Data

.pull-left[
Instead of clicking on the plus sign beside Connections, you can add data by clicking on the database symbol.
]

.pull-right[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/tableau_add_data_1.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

However you won't be able to use variable from both source for the same visualisation:

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## Live Examples

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## Exercise

From the loop page, on the tile "Lecture Data", use the files **organisation alpha details**, **organisation alpha salary 2020**, **organisation alpha salary 2021**, and **organisation alpha salary 2022** and join them in Tableau Public.

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# 4. Understand the Worksheet

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# Variable List Tab

.pull-left[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/tableau_variables.png" width="30%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

- Made of character string (most of the time)
- Can be numeric if refers to an ID

**Measures = Continuous Variables**

- Made of numbers
- Special cases of **Measure Names**, and **Measure Values**
]

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# Analytics Tab

.pull-left[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/tableau_analytics.png" width="50%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

- Box Plot
- Median and Quartiles
- Average
- Regression Line (Trend Line)
]

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# Plot Configuration

.pull-left[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/tableau_configuration.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

- **Columns** = X axis
- **Rows** = Y axis
- **Pages** = 1 plot per values (categories)
- **Filters** = Keep specific values
- **Marks** = Design of representation
  - Colors
  - Size
  - Texts
  - ...
]

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# Show Me: Additional Design

.pull-left[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/tableau_showme.png" width="50%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
- Tables
- Maps
- Histograms
- Pie charts
- Line charts
- Bar charts
- Scatterplots
- Box plots
- ...
]

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# Aggregation Method

When selected as Rows or Columns, double click/click left on a Measure variable (green variable)

.pull-left[
Choose between:
  - Dimensions (raw data, equivalent of "Don't summarize" in PowerBI)
  - Measure (COUNT, AVERAGE, STD, ...)
]

.pull-right[
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/damien-dupre/img/main/tableau_aggregation.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

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class: inverse, mline, center, middle

# 5. Master the Key Figures

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# Variable Type and Visualisations

.left-column[
<img src="https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/Img/showme3.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

- **Composition** (i.e. bar/column and pie charts) for **1 Dimension** (i.e., categorical variable)

- **Distribution** (i.e. histogram, density, box plot and dynamite charts) for **1 Measure** (i.e., continuous variable)

- **Comparison** for **2 Dimensions** or for **1 Dimension** and **1 Measure**

- **Relationship** (i.e. scatterplot with regression line) for **2 Measures**
]

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## Composition Figures

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# Composition Figures

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# Composition Figures

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# Composition Figures

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# Composition Figures

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# Composition Figures

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# Composition Figures

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## Distribution Figures

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# Distribution Figures

Like for Power BI, Tableau is lacking some distribution figures:

- Histograms are fully implemented by default
- Density plots are not possible
- Box plots are fully implemented by default
- Dynamite plots can be done with average bar chart but without error bars

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# Distribution Figures

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# Distribution Figures

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# Distribution Figures

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# Distribution Figures

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# Distribution Figures

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# Distribution Figures

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## Comparison Figures

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# Comparison Figures

Comparison Figures can be easily done by adding "Dimension" as colour, column or row variable to any of the previous figures:

- Bar/Pie charts using CNT aggregation
- Histograms
- Box plots
- Bar charts with AVG aggregation

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# Comparison Figures

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# Comparison Figures

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# Comparison Figures

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# Comparison Figures

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# Comparison Figures

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## Relationship Figures

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# Relationship Figures

The scatterplot is the best way to display the relationship between 2 **Measure** variables

However, it is essential to use the **Dimension** option from both axes menu instead of the default Sum for aggregation

A trend line can be added from the **Analytics** option.

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# Relationship Figures

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# Relationship Figures

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# 6. Tableau Dashboard

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# Tableau Dashboard

Like in Power BI, a dashboard is obtained by dropping several "Sheets"/Vizualisations on a page, by organising their position, and by adding additional elements (i.e., text, image, ...).

Design features can be modified in order to give the dashboard a professional feel.

Interactive customisations can be added from the Dashboard for all the "Sheets"/Visualisations to move simultaneously (next lecture).

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# Tableau Dashboard

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# 7. Tableau Practice

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# Titanic Dataset

Variables:
- Survival (0 = No; 1 = Yes)
- Passenger Class (1st; 2nd; 3rd)
- Name, Sex, Age, Cabin
- sibsp - Nb of Siblings/Spouses Aboard
- parch - Nb of Parents/Children Aboard
- ticket - Ticket Number
- fare - Passenger Fare
- embarked - Port of Embarkation (C = Cherbourg, Q = Queenstown, S = Southampton)

---
class: title-slide, middle

## Use **titanic.csv** to create a Tableau Dashbord

Design: 
- **1 Pie Chart using Survival variable**
- **1 Bar Chart Proportion using Survival, Sex and Embarked variables**
- **1 Scatterplot using Fare, Age and Survival variables**

Remember to **use titles**, to **customise the visualisations** and to **add the text** from the document `text_dashboard.txt` to convey your narrative.

<span><i class="fas  fa-exclamation-triangle faa-flash animated faa-slow " style=" color:red;"></i></span> The Survival variable will be recognised as continuous and not as categorical, you have to change its type.

---

# Kubicle Optional Trainings

Tableau Essentials
- [Introducing Tableau](https://app.kubicle.com/courses/tableau-2020-2-introducing-tableau) (120 min)
- [Creating Visualizations in Tableau](https://app.kubicle.com/courses/tableau-2020-2-creating-visualizations-in-tableau) (150 min)
- [Dashboard Design](https://app.kubicle.com/courses/dashboard-design) (150 min)

Advancing in Tableau
- [Optimizing for Performance](https://app.kubicle.com/courses/tableau-2020-2-optimizing-for-performance) (90 min)
- [Advanced Visualizations in Tableau](https://app.kubicle.com/courses/tableau-2020-2-advanced-visualizations-in-tableau) (90 min)
]

---

# Optional Free Trainings

Visualisations with Tableau:
- [Tableau desktop: 10 core skills for business users](https://www.udemy.com/course/tableau-desktop-10-core-skills-for-business-users/)
- [Tableau: Get Started](https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/getstarted_buildmanual_ex1basic.htm)
- [Introduction to Dimensions and Measures](https://www.tableau.com/drive/dimensions-and-measures-intro)
- [Datafields, Types, and Roles](https://help.tableau.com/current/pro/desktop/en-us/datafields_typesandroles_datatypes.htm)
- [Filters on Dimensions](https://www.tutorialgateway.org/tableau-filters-on-dimensions/)
- [Tableau in Two Minutes - Tableau Basics for Beginners](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEgVto5QME8)
- [Tableau for Data Science and Data Visualization - Crash Course Tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPMlZxRRaBQ)

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# Thanks for your attention and don't hesitate to ask if you have any question!

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